Rome
Rome was the dominant empire during the time of Jesus and the early church. Its political power, legal system, taxation, military presence, and cultural influence form the backdrop of the…
Sadducees
The Sadducees were a wealthy, aristocratic Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, known for rejecting the resurrection, denying angels and spirits, and limiting their authority to the written Torah.…
Saints
Saints are God’s covenant people — those set apart, made righteous by His provision, and belonging to Him by faith. In Scripture, the term describes both the righteous dead of…
Salem
Salem is the ancient city ruled by Melchizedek in Genesis 14. The name means “peace,” and many scholars identify Salem as an early form of Jerusalem. Its appearance in Scripture…
Salem
Salem is the ancient city ruled by Melchizedek in Genesis 14. The name means peace, and biblical tradition identifies Salem as an early form of Jerusalem. Its appearance anchors Melchizedek’s…
Samuel
Samuel was a prophet, judge, and spiritual leader of Israel who was dedicated to God's service from childhood. Used by God to guide the nation, anoint kings, and proclaim His…
Sanhedrin
The Sanhedrin was the supreme Jewish council during the Second Temple period, composed of Pharisees, Sadducees, scribes, and elders. It functioned as Israel’s highest religious, legal, and political authority and…
Scribes
The Scribes were professional scholars of the Law, experts in Scripture, and influential teachers within Judaism. Though highly educated, many opposed Jesus because His authority exposed their misuse of Scripture…
Second Temple
The Second Temple was the restored sanctuary in Jerusalem built after the Babylonian exile. Standing from 516 BC to AD 70, it became the center of Jewish worship, identity, Scripture…
Septuagint
Septuagint (LXX) is the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, produced in the centuries before Christ. It preserves early Hebrew readings, shaped Jewish worship in the Greek‑speaking world, and…
